Professional Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Proficient Issue - Essay Example Around 50 percent of the complete populace of youngsters in Britain somewhere in the range of 9 and 12 years old utilize the person to person communication locales notwithstanding the built up cutoff points of least age. As per EUKidsOnline, at any rate one in each five kids has a profile on Facebook notwithstanding the way that the standards expect youngsters to be 13 years of age to have a Facebook profile (BBC, 2011). The matter of wellbeing of the blameless clients of long range interpersonal communication destinations like kids is easily proven wrong. This paper draws a basic examination of the contention that interpersonal interaction locales present dangers to the security of youngsters. An Overview of the Laws in UK identified with Social Networking Sites Data Protection Act (DPA) 1998 Organizations in the UK that manage the data about living just as the recognizable individuals are obliged to show consistence with the DPA 1998 arrangements. Specialist organizations must be e xceptionally cautious while handling children’s data to conform to the DPA 1998 arrangements. This incorporates the suppliers of long range interpersonal communication destinations that accumulate the users’ individual information to empower the enrollment. ... Nonetheless, the new prerequisites of notice additionally incorporate the email addresses’ enrollment. The administration has recommended that these boycotted email delivers be sent to the person to person communication destinations with the goal that they can browse the email addresses against the ones in their client base and as needs be, deactivate the coordinating records. Direction Report by the Home Office Task Force on Child Protection The Home Office Task Force on Child Protection distributed a note of direction on the Internet in April, 2008 whose goal was to upgrade the wellbeing of kids utilizing the long range informal communication locales. Alongside filling in as an asset of instruction for the guardians, the direction gives the suppliers of the long range informal communication administrations with proposals on approaches to work the destinations so that wellbeing of the clients is boosted. The direction report of the Home Office recognizes the way that no condi tion is totally ok for kids in any conditions, however dangers can be diminished by changing the default settings of security for the clients under 18 years old to private, making the private profiles of the clients underneath 18 years old non-accessible without the users’ assent, away from of the data that would be freely accessible that what might be private at the hour of enlistment, statement of straightforward and easy to use methods of detailing misuse, debilitation for kids to give over the top data about themselves, and foundation of an arrangement of sharing of reports of maltreatment between the law implementation organizations and the business (The In-House Lawyer, 2008, p. 82). Notwithstanding that, the administration of the UK â€Å"set rules requiring the sharing of the ‘email addresses’ of enlisted sex guilty parties to

A commentary on the potentials of social media applications Essay

A discourse on the possibilities of internet based life applications - Essay Example 11 Supporting of experimentation and take up 12 Creation of cooperative energies: 13 Bibliography 19 Introduction The past five years have come about to a developing energy inside the network of training about web2.0 innovations. The innovation is an umbrella term used to allude to various web applications including wikis, interpersonal interaction, virtual social orders, folksonomies and blogging among others. Despite the fact that these applications contrast in capacity and structure, every one of them share a trademark that is normal. That is, the supporting of collaboration that is web based inside and between gatherings. Web 2.0 innovation denotes an alternate seclusion from the 1900s web applications and furthermore the mid 2000s web applications, permitting types of trade that are â€Å"interactive† as opposed to broadcast† whereby data sharing is â€Å"many-to-many† when contrasted with one to many. Web 2.0 applications center around sharing and allotment of substance between network clients whose result is various elements of client driven correspondence, content amusement and creation and cooperation. Analysts are presently discussing a compose/read web where people can produce effectively their own substance and furthermore use content created by others. For example, Wikipedia is interesting from the online Encyclopedia Britanica. This is on the grounds that, Wikipedia is an archive that is open in this manner being refreshed, made, refereed and altered by its perusers. This has caused it to get authority and exactness from the regularly progressing agreement and conversations instead of relying upon a solitary master word. Given the criticalness of coordinated effort, creation and correspondence to utilizing of the above named innovations, educationalist have been on the front line bringing up the web 2.0 potential for improving and supporting learning. The instruction motivation have concentrated on social programming developing practices. Social programming is sorted extensively as programming that empowers association between gatherings. The most widely recognized among people are conversation discussions that are web based, dating locales and long range informal communication. From the examinations completed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS), it was inferred that, new open doors for modernizing and enhancing preparing and training organizations and for reasons for setting up the 21st century students, must be accomplished through the take-up of web based life applications outside settings of formal instruction (Alan-Mutka 2009, 2010). The expanded paces of web use for mail sending and accepting are a decent pointer of the considered essentialness of the web for information and correspondence. Notwithstanding that, the web is critical for data trade. With the advancement and presentation of different applications in web based life, intelligent and dynamic web utilization has b een empowered and the pattern is further creating. The internet based life applications give its clients networks and online systems for information trade and multi-directional correspondence (Fry 2004, p.305). Also, this application permits people to share and distribute computerized content like recordings, photographs and music. In the present world, the instructive utilization of social programming isn't all around consolidated. As such numerous activities are required across training, strategy and designer networks preceding it getting powerful and far reaching.

The Smartest Admission Strategy For Getting Into Your Reach School TKG

The Smartest Admission Strategy For Getting Into Your Reach School Everyone wants to get into their reach school, but it’s called a reach school for a reason. It’s not a guarantee. And sometimes you might feel like you’re getting onto your tippy toes to get to a book even thinking about applying. That is why we’re here. We’ve helped so many students apply to their dream schools, and more than that, we’ve helped them come up with reaches they hadn’t previously considered. We want to give a rundown of what we’ve learned about how to get into your reach school(s). We advise all of our students to abide by the following 4 guiding principles when putting together their application and writing their essays:Be creativeShowcase your unique talentsHighlight your quirksGo the unexpected routeHere’s why each of these components are important:1. BE CREATIVEThe essays are the biggest part of your application in terms of personality--it’s your chance to shine, and show the admissions readers what is going on in your brain. Creativity is a huge part of the college application process, in our opinion, and a lot of people forget about that. Why would anyone be excited to read something run of the mill? Make sure your essay is incredibly dynamic and colorful in terms of language, content, and structure.2. SHOWCASE YOUR UNIQUE TALENTS: Dig deep when thinking about what you want to tell with your stories. What is something that you can do better than anyone else? It might be a ratio of butter:cinnamon:sugar for cinnamon toast that you’ve perfected because it’s your favorite study snack while you study Calculus. They know you excel in Calculus because they see your report card. That’s repetitive information. Tell them something new. The fact that you’ve honed a recipe for something people don’t think about speaks volumes about your character. What do you do to relax? Do you knit? Do you go and sit on the corner and people watch? Think about your daily routine and pick something that you’d describe as truly “you” and run with that.3. HIGHLIGHT YOUR QUIRKS: Your quirks are what make you, you, and admissions readers DO want to know about them. Remember the goal is to paint an authentic and layered picture of who you are. It’s challenging to do this on paper, but an easy way to humanize yourself is by revealing aspects of your personality and certain preferences that make the reader feel like you are giving them a glimpse into your mind. We help our students make mention of these quirks in creative and logical ways to maximize the effect. You should absolutely do this, but be careful. There is a fine line. Do you and your best friend geek out together over the culture of the 1920s when you’re hanging out after school? Though that might not be an academic or extra-curricular component of your application, there is something to be said about the nerdiest, most niche interest of yours that has no bearing on the rest of your life. What you execute and think about behind closed doors, or the lo gic behind how you choose your music for your morning walk to school says so much. It makes you who you are. Don’t shy away.4. GO THE UNEXPECTED ROUTE:Use this as an opportunity to let the admissions readers into your brain in an intentionally creative way. Think outside of the box with some of these essay prompts, and think about how you can stretch the limits of the prompt. We had a student respond to a prompt with a series of haikus. It got him into Berkeley. We ask our students to think long and hard about what and HOW they are going to write about before they create 300 words on a topic, because there might be something worth exploring. Write about something completely unexpected in a way that the admissions readers have never seen.The thing about reach schools is that they are no different than any other school. There are just higher barriers to entry and they have a finer filter system. As such, make your application so dynamic that they can’t put it down. Make the reader want to meet you. Make them envision you on their campus making your cinnamon toast for your dorm-mates, waxing poetic about 1920s culture, helping enrich the community in a unique and incredible way. If you need any help, let us know. We’d love to help you make your inner quirks shine and the admissions reader feel that your talents are necessary at their school.

Erik Erikson s Eight Stages Of Psychosocial Development

Erik Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development are very well known in the world of psychology. These eight stages deal with critical situations that we go through in life from infancy to late adulthood. â€Å"Throughout life we go through various stages during which we meet ever changing psychosocial challenges – the completion of these stages prepares us to move on to the following stages (Erikson’s Stages Through Identity).† This makes sense because we go through life making decisions in order to learn form them, and as we go through these stages that is exactly what we are doing. The first of Erik Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development is Trust versus Mistrust. According to our textbook, â€Å"babies either trust that others will care for their basic needs, including nourishment, warmth, cleanliness, and physical contact, or develop mistrust about the care of others (Berger, 2014).† If parents are caring for their chi ldren correctly and fulfilling their child’s needs than the infant will successfully resolve the first phase of Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. At this point they will begin to go through the second stage, Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt. During this period children either begin to do independent things such as using the bathroom, and feeding as well as dressing themselves, or they begin to question whether or not they can complete these tasks on their own. Simply Psychology told that, â€Å"Erikson states it is critical that parentsShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development884 Words   |  4 PagesErik Erikson Erik Erikson was born June 15, 1902. Erikson is best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked an important shift in thinking on personality; instead of focusing simply on early childhood event, his psychosocial theory looked at how social influences contribute to personality throughout the entire lifespan. Erik Erikson died May 12, 1994 due to prostate cancer. (Erik Erikson, 2015). Stages of Psychosocial DevelopmentRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Development1608 Words   |  7 Pages The Psychosocial Development The View on Erik H. Erikson s Stages of Development Frank Phan Cosumnes River College Psychology 300 Abstract This paper will touch over the aspects of Erik H Erickson s eight stages and how they affect everyday lives from infancy to adulthood. The paper will go over the approximate ages and the psychosocial crisis that they will eventually come to. Neglecting a child can lead to a cause of mental negligence in the form of Arrested Development. Within differentRead MoreThe Theorist I Choose For This Paper That I Believe I Relate1509 Words   |  7 Pagesmost is Erik Erikson. Erik Erikson is best known for his theory on identity, which was a theory that was broadened from Sigmund Freud while retaining its core work (Schultz, D. Schultz, S., 2013). Erik Erikson’s mother, who was Jewish, became pregnant but a man that was not her husband after her husband’s disappearance. She was sent to Germany, where she gave birth to Erik. Erik Erikson grew up believing his pediatrician was his biological father due to his mother marrying this man. Since Erik EriksonRead MoreErik Erikson : P sychosocial Development1103 Words   |  5 PagesErik Erikson: Psychosocial Stages of Development â€Å"Erik Erikson was best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked and important shift in thinking on personality; instead of focusing simply on early childhood events, his psychosocial theory looked at how social influences contribute to personality throughout the entire lifespan† (Cherry). This paper will discuss Erikson’s childhood and the influence it had on his work. AlsoRead MoreDevelopmental Psychologist Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1729 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopmental psychologist Erik Erikson changed the way that people viewed the psychosocial development in humans throughout their lifespan. Using the foundation provided by Freud’s psychosexual stages, he modified the concepts to where they demonstrated external impacts on development as well as making it more about emotional conflicts than necessarily physical drives. This eight-stage theory is seque ntial, and requires the person to overcome conflicts in each stage to become a productive memberRead MoreAnalysis Of Eriksons Theory On Early Childhood Education1212 Words   |  5 Pagesthe education profession. Erik Erikson Hope is both the earliest and the most indispensable virtue inherent in the state of being alive. If life is to be sustained hope must remain, even where confidence is wounded, trust impaired. - Erik Erikson Erik Erikson (1902-1994) was a Germon born developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on psychosocial development of human lie. He is most famous for devising the phrase â€Å"identity crisis.† Erikson was a Harvard professor althoughRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory On Child Development1388 Words   |  6 PagesErik Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory on Child Development Erik Erikson, a well known developmental theorist, developed his theory about stages of human development from birth to death by using Freud s work as a starting point. According to Erikson, personality develops in a series of stages. Erikson found out that children experience conflicts which affect their development. He described the internal conflict which children go through in developmental stages using the term ‘crisis’ and are based onRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Mcadams 1154 Words   |  5 Pagesin late adolescent and young adult, people living in modern societies start the conception of the personal past, comprehend the present, and foresee the future in a way of developing self-story that integrative narrative about their real life. Psychosocial is the life stories of the individual in which the life of the individual have a meaning. The life stories of the individual represent the cultural values, norms, race and the person spirituality. The purpose of the author in this article isRead MoreThe Eight Crisis Stages Of Erik Erikson Development Theory1456 Words   |  6 Pagesdefined by an interrelated, coherent set of ideas that help to explain phenomena and facilitate predictions. With development the series of age-related changes that happen over the course of a life span which theorist observe these developments as a series of stages during which individuals displays qualities of behavior patterns. There are five theoretical orientation to development such as psychoanalytic, cognitive, behavioral and social cognitive, ethological, and ecological. It is a fact thatRead MoreEarly Life Experiences Impact The Person Across Their Lifespan930 Words   |  4 Pagesin the Jane Piaget theory ‘Stages of cognitive development’ (1936) and Erik Erikson theory ‘Psychosocial stages’ (1950). Piaget argued that children develop knowledge by constructing their experience and observe with their own ideas a bout how the thing works.(Burton, L.J., Westen, d. Kowalski, R.M. 2015) He developed 4 stages of his theory: Sensorimotor Stage, Preoperational Stage, Concrete Operational Stage and Formal Operational Stage. At the same time, Erik Erikson proposed a psychoanalytic theory

Essay on Race in Invisible Man and Black Boy - 1153 Words

The Question of Race in Invisible Man and Black Boy In the early twentieth century black American writers started employing modernist ways of argumentation to come up with possible answers to the race question. Two of the most outstanding figures of them on both, the literary and the political level, were Richard Wright, the most important voice in black American literature for the first half of the twentieth century (Norton, 548) and his contemporary Ralph Ellison, one of the most footnoted writers in American literary history (Norton, 700). In this paper I want to compare Wrights autobiography Black Boy with Ellisons novel Invisible Man and, in doing so, assess the effectiveness of their conclusions. Both†¦show more content†¦All chapters of the protagonists life end with the same kind of disappointment and contribute to his disillusionment. This finally leads him to believe that history is boomeranging and that society therefore cant be changed. No one except for him (and a crazy doctor) seems to have the necessary distance to see what is really wrong with the world and so he hides away into a dark hole. There he stays, literally enlightened by 1,369 light bulbs, stealing power from the power plant and enjoying his individuality. Richard Wright chooses the other way. Cynicism is only a period in his life. From his early childhood on he has always had a strong will and successfully resisted all attempts to break him. Instead of obeying to authorities and silently accepting the social circumstances of his life he has always fought back. Cynicism means passivity and Wright cant afford to end up in passivity, be it only because, other than the invisible man, he has to care for his family. Driven by great physical and intellectual hunger he grimly swims against the current and eventually discovers that he is not the only victim of society. This brings him to a question that is to become the basis for an ideology he will follow the rest of his life: Maybe if all these people unite and raise their voices they will be heard? Maybe together they have the power to change society? He finds that these ideas form theShow MoreRelatedThe Struggle for Equality and Identity in Ralph Ellisons Battle Royal915 Words   |  4 P agessupported by a literary criticism dealing with the tone and style of the story. At first, the boys are taken to a room where a nude woman is dancing. When the boys turn their heads away, they are yelled at for not looking. The tone of the rebuke implies that the blacks were not entitled to most of the ‘good’ things being white could bring them and that they weren’t really good enough for them. The boys then compete in the Battle Royal. This classic example of symbolism shows the fight African AmericansRead MoreThe Tone and Style of Ralph Ellisons Battle Royal Essay963 Words   |  4 Pagesis done by the extreme nature of the incidents described in the Battle Royal. At first, the boys are taken to a room where a nude woman is dancing. When the boys turn their heads away, they are yelled at for not looking. The tone of the rebuke implies that the blacks were not entitled to most of the ‘good’ things being white could bring them and that they weren’t really good enough for them. The boys then compete in the Battle Royal. This classic example of symbolism shows the fight African AmericansRead More Invisible Man Essay: Searching for Black Identity in a White World1229 Words   |  5 PagesInvisible Man: Searching for Black Identity in a White World      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man was published at a time when America was racially divided.   The novel presents the theme of the lack of black identity – a theme supported by the fact that the protagonist, Invisible Man, has no name.   The reader knows the names of Dr. Bledsoe, Ras-the-Exhorter, Brother Jack and others - but the reader does not know the name of the main character.   Ellisons leaves it to the reader to decide whoRead MoreThe World Of Segregation Crises `` Battle Royal `` By Ralph Ellison1706 Words   |  7 PagesEllison is about a boy who just finished high school years and receives an invitation to present his valedictorian speech to the wealthy white men in town. Ellison’s protagonist reminisces about his naive life, 20 years before when the story was published in 1947. He grew up in the deep south of America in a town where prejudicism and racism was prominent. During this time the South is segregated because of the Jim Crow L aw. The story shows the conflict between the races of black society and whiteRead MoreBattle Royal - Ralph Ellison Research Paper1209 Words   |  5 PagesBattle of a Black Man Ralph Ellison made it clear that Invisible Man was not based on his own experiences. In an interview, he stated, â€Å"Let me say right now that my book is not an autobiographical work.† However, it is clear that his culture and the time period of his upbringing affected his writing. This is particularly seen in his descriptions of the treatment of blacks, the African American society, and the revelation of the narrator. Like the characters in â€Å"Battle Royal†, African AmericansRead MoreAnalysis Of Battle Royal By Ralph Ellison1508 Words   |  7 PagesUnrelenting Perseverance Ralph Ellison’s excerpt â€Å"Battle Royal† from his novel â€Å"Invisible Man† reveals the African American’s struggle for social equality. It was written during the Cold War and Civil Rights movement and made an impact in the literature world and won an award. Ellison never provides a name for the narrator who refers to himself as the invisible man. The story begins with the narrator’s grandfather on his death bed instructing on how to deal with white people. The narrator felt thisRead MoreWhite Privilege : The Invisible Knapsack, And Beverly Daniel Tatum Essay908 Words   |  4 Pagesimpertinent mindset of racists and lessen the racist acts of society. Some of the spokespersons speaking on this topic are writers Peggy McIntosh, author of â€Å"White Privilege: The Invisible Knapsack,† and Beverly Daniel Tatum, author of â€Å"Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria?† I found these essays to have more in common than great influential female authors Both women had a point to prove about racial identity as they both associated the male gender as being more advantagedRead MoreRacism And Its Multidimensionality : A Road Block1795 Words   |  8 PagesDiscovery Ralph Waldo Ellison’s Invisible Man describes the plight of a black man growing up and coming to terms with his identity. The â€Å"invisible man† is not literally invisible, rather invisibility is used to describe the cultural implications of blackness and his inability to fit into stereotypical black molds. Some of the stereotypes that the narrator encounters are indisputably racist and subjugating. However, some stereotypes are idealized in both the black community and by outsiders, perpetuatingRead MoreEssay on Identity in a Color-Conscious Society in Invisible Man1842 Words   |  8 PagesIdentity in a Color-Conscious Society in Invisible Man  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Critics generally agree that Ralph Ellisons award winning novel, Invisible Man, is a work of genius, broad in its appeal and universal in its meaning. Its various themes have been stated as: the geography of hell . . . the real brotherhood of man (Morris 5), the emergence of Negro personality from the fixed boundaries of southern life (Bone 46), and the search for human and nationalRead More Invisible Man Essay: The Phases of Invisibility2008 Words   |  9 PagesInvisibility in Invisible Man      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To be invisible is to be unable to be seen by anyone without artificial aid.   The invisible man is more impossible to locate than the proverbial needle in a haystack.   In Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man, the main character, I., progresses through various phases of symbolic invisibility.      The story begins with I. recounting the various steps and incidents that led him to realize his invisibility.   I.s grandfather was a meek and humble man, and therefore

All Opposing Parties Must Be Citizens Of Different States...

All opposing parties must be citizens of different states to allow for removal to federal court. 28 U.S.C  §1332(a)(1) (2016). In Strawbridge v. Curtiss, the court held that there must be complete diversity. Strawbridge V. Curtiss, 7 U.S. 267, 267 (1806). The court stated there is complete diversity only when all the persons on one side of the controversy are citizens of different states from all persons on the opposing side. Id. To remove, there must be proof of complete diversity of the parties. If International Life finds that one party shares citizenship with an opposing party, it cannot remove under 28 U.S.C  §1332. In a similar case, Mas v. Perry, the court ruled that state citizenship is dependent on the individual’s domicile†¦show more content†¦Additionally, her husband was domiciled in California, and marriage caused no change in domiciliary. There are no facts that suggest an alternative ruling is proper. Similarly, Maloney has worked in Oakland for several decades as a senior sales person for International Life. Maloney owns property in Oakland and plans to vote in the November elections. He has no present intention to sell his home. But, he occasionally visits corporate headquarters, but always returns to Oakland. As ruled in Mas, domicile is determined by Maloney’s true and fixed home and his intention to return. Mas v. Perry, 489 F.2d at 1400. The evidence indicates he always intends to return to his home. Additionally, the longevity of his employment suggests an attachment to the area. It is probable that the court will hold that Malone is domiciled in California. International Life must demonstrate that it is a citizen of Delaware and Connecticut, not California. According to 28 U.S.C.  §1332(c)(1), a corporation is a citizen of every state where it is incorporated and where its principal place of business is. 28 U.S.C.  §1332 (c)(1) (2016). In Hertz Corp. v. Friend, the court clarified that a corporation’s principal place of business is the â€Å"nerve center.† Hertz Corp. v. Friend, 559 U.S. 77, 93 (2010). The nerve center is where a corporation’s officers direct, control, and coordinate the corporation’s activities. Id. This is where the corporation maintains itsShow MoreRelatedBlotter System9115 Words   |  37 Pagesterm for a  village,  district  or  ward. It is the smallest local government unit in the Philippines that is governed from the Barangay hall by the Barangay officials. The Barangay hall serves as the shoulder that citizens can lean on in terms of some problems, misunderstanding , conflicts with their kabarangays and other help that they need. The hall is where the Barangay officials manages all the things with regards to their Barangay that’s why it should have a good and well manage Justice System. A good

Project Information and Communication Systems Point of View

Question: Discuss about the Report for Project Information and Communication Systems Point of View. Answer: Introduction The literature review depicts on project with program information and communication system point of view. In order to build health care organization for aged different rules and regulations that should be followed before implementation of the project will be discussed in this literature review. The paper will demonstrate different types of tools that are used in the information and communication system and different methodologies that are going to be used in this project planning. The aim of the report is to provide a secured plan to develop a project. Apart from this, there are certain software and some communication systems that are maintained while implementing the project, those will also be discussed in this literature review. In addition to this, the literature review will also mention several processes of project methodologies including the tool plans to develop information and communication methodologies. Different types of Information and Communication Tools During the construction of health care organization for aged certain important tools regarding information and communication comes under consideration. According to Svejvig and Andersen, (2015) Information and communication tools are basically used to serve some of the important purposes such as guidance and project information delivery, interaction among the working employees of the company. Galliers and Leidner, (2014) stated that, project management and information systems are referred to as tools and techniques used to deliver a complete and perfect project to be implemented in the practical field. The technology is used by both the upper level managerial team as well as by the lower level management team of the organization. From the view point of both the authors it can be concluded that, open communication system and execution of application of appropriate tools in exact fields is the most important thing during project implementation. It has been identified that there are dif ferent online as well as offline tools used by the construction project planners. The different tools are as followed: Offline tools Project plan: This is one of the basic tools, already used in during the implementation of the preplanned project. Planning plays the crucial role in any project execution as this maintains the overall efficiency. According to Svejvig and Andersen, (2015) initially, the feasibility of the project is calculated, to measure whether it is fruitful or not. During the implementation of the project it was found that the tools used for the construction are not enough and thus, in the initial stage the company had to suffer from massive financial loss. Schwalbe, (2015) stated that, for project management strategy, resource allocation and delivery scheduling is the most important thing and the project had maintained all the section very clearly. Milestone checklist: This is another important tool that the project manager can utilize in order to determine the track of the project in terms of project progress (Leach, 2014). During project planning, the quality assurance manager of the project did not use any software to track the progress rather he used Excel templates to monitor it. Again, Ward and Peppard, (2016) said that the milestone checklist was updated twice in a week to make a live documentation of the project management system. Online tools Automation and scheduling report maintenance: The project has used Dovico time sheet project tracking software as a online tool that helped the manager of the company to reach the ultimate objective preset for the organization. Team report and the Ad hoc resource along with a graphical representation were managed by the manger with the support of the online automation and schedule report maintenance report. Project profitability maintenance: The manager also maintained the profitability of the project with automation software so that before launching the project the manager will come to draw a conclusion whether the project is beneficial to the organization or not. According to O'Leary, (2013) some tools or key components are used to manage and balance the investment and outcome of the project. Project alert and electronic mail notification: Alert for the project and notification as per the requirement obtained with the help of the electronic mail services. Not only this but also the online tools helped to serve SMS, hosting services, installation etc. Cloud based project management: Cloud based architecture is used in this project to maintain the dashboard system so that the overall structure can be secured within a single framework. Kuipers, et al., (2014) stated that, for a perfect business collaborative business environment is needed to be structured. The organizations project planning had been utilized all the requirements of the project. Gantt chart and part chart: It is commonly termed as the best project management online tool. It is used to display the activities and the task or the events took place within the project and according to the task the allocated time is also mentioned with the help of this tool. Ward and Peppard, (2016) opined that, in this project the allocated tasks were planning, research, design, implementation and follow up and time was allotted accordingly. Clocking IT and Project management software: It is a web based application tool that is used to maintain all other project management tools (Galliers Leidner, 2014). Additionally, the timeline, calendar, graphs and project repot was also synchronized with the help of IT clocking and management software. In some of the sections Collabtive is also designed to offer alternative options to the project. .NET and Apollo project review: Svejvig and Andersen, (2015) stated that, this is one of the easiest tools used to prepare a project. In order to produce financial, manufacturing, software development based projects .NET visual studio application is used to develop easy project structure. .NET projects are easy to develop and are free of complexity. Apollo allows the external workers of the projects to access the project from the outside. However this is considered to be helpful all the time. Private network and Score card: Private network implementation and the score card accessibility is another important online tool used in project planning management system (Chienwittayakun Mankin, 2015). The extranet system conducts the electronic project managements system and in order to transmit different project based information, network level internet protocols are used. Different Methodologies used in the project From the overview of the project it has been considered that the information management system contains different practical guidelines, environmental changes along with the constrain condition. The knowledge database of the system is used in order to develop a particular project. Different project methodologies are used by different projects. As this project is majorly based on the information and communication system thus, one of the most effective methodology is used during the implementation of this project that s known as we based project management system. Lee and Yu, (2012) stated that, web based project management system is a centralized and commonly accessible system that capable of transmit and storing data from different resources at a time. Web based project management system (WPMS) According to Baskerville and Wood-Harper, (2016) WPMS system is capable of exchange data from one source to the destination without any kind of destruction. Exchange of information became easier while developing the project by utilizing WBPM. It is capable to provide a workflow automation system to the employees working for the company and opportunity regarding teamwork. Again, Svejvig and Andersen, (2015) stated that, four categories are defined while implementing the project for old age home. The project contained different information system such as project information, design information, management information and financial information. Different information regarding the project was stored in a web based database management system supported by the dashboard where all the information can be searched at a time in a single screen (O'Leary, 2013). The development team of the company designed the information is such a way that all the information will be stored in a well organized manner and can be easily retrieved by the employees of the company whenever required. Apart from this, the information regarding employees and the financial details stored in the database is secured enough so that, none of the data can be retrieved without the authentication and authorization of the management team of the project (Kuipers et al., 2014). Financial development team developed all the financial information in an organized manner, along with staffs accounting system of the project (Baskerville Wood-Harper, 2016). The WPMS is able to track all the viewer of the website and all the sections where, the viewers have been visited. WPMS is able to produce a hierarchical system of the company. From the overview of the functional schema it has been found that internet and extranet both are the important segment for the project architecture designed by the company for the construction of the old-age home (Svejvig Andersen, 2015). For personnel authentication and authorization application firewall and network firewall are used to create discrimination between the intranet and extranet sectors (Galliers Leidner, 2014). Intranet and the extranet servers are complimentary to each other and the management team monitors all project progress. Different software packages are purchased by the organization to develop the project. The software packages are as followed: Microsoft project 2002, P3ec and Sure Trak, Web Project etc. PM-ASPs The project designed for the old age home consists of different hardware and software system as the project contains repository database, web server, web based application and end user terminals (Baskerville Wood-Harper, 2016). The users of the database can access the data from a terminal whenever required and there is an option of data deletion and data insertion. There are some potential benefits of PM-ASPs. This is one of the most cost advantageous project management methodologies. It is capable of different outsourcing advantages and also it can enhance the competition among the IT professionals (Kerzner, 2013). Web based project management system can share and collaborate files from the database management system and the web form can act and collect data from different resources. In this project plan the platform used multiple devices, multiple platforms and twenty four hour access service all over the country. The data security is also enhanced due to the usage of this web based platform to frame the project model. Any unauthorized and unauthenticated user can not interrupt the system without the permission of the management team. Literature review of the project Management Software and communication systems From the literature review of the project management it has been encountered that during the project development some crucial project management information system software is used during the planning of the project. The information system software supports all the areas of project management knowledge. The PMI system is basically used to review the objectives and to accomplish the goal of the project. (Ward Peppard, 2016) stated that, the project used different management based software within their system such as- Integration management Time management software Cost management Quality management Human resource management Communication management and risk management According to Cassidy (2016), PMIS is an information system that is not considered to be an enough efficient tool but is a collection of a set of experienced tools and methods. All the elements of the project worked collectively with the help of this system and it also plays an integrated role within the project (Baskerville Wood-Harper, 2016). PMIS can also be utilized as a global factor within any organization and it is one of the controlling tools of the project. The objective of PMIS is to create an integrated information system in terms of organizational decision making and information backup. Information on Methodology Though WPMS methodology is developed by the organization to build the project plan based on information and communication management system but it has been found that the methodology is not enough efficient (Hwang Ng, 2013). The project has maintained WPMS method but from the project planning context it is defined that the project should have implemented some other project methodologies in order to develop the project from all the aspects. From the literature review it has been found that the preplanned project has faced some of the issues and the issues can be overcome if the organization introduces some other project methodologies instead of the WPMS (Kerzner, 2013). There are some efficient project methodologies those can be implemented to reduce the security level issues such as waterfall model, spiral model, evolutionary model and prototype model. Among all these project methodologies the most effective one is considered as Meta model or spiral model. Spiral model is considered as Meta model because it contains all the features of secured project management technique. Waterfall Model: This is the traditional model utilized in most of the project management (Svejvig Andersen, 2015). The model consists of certain steps such as feasibility study, requirement gathering and requirement analysis, coding, development, unit testing, integrated testing, implementation and finally the maintenance. The maintenance of the project takes at least 66% of the total efficiency. Prototype Model: This model is used to develop dummy. At the initial stage all the experiments gone through the dummy. After the verification and the validation of the project the required changes made over the project as per the clients requirement. The verification is done by the development team and the verification is done by a user friendly group of clients (Kuipers et al., 2014). From the invoice of the clients the effective changes made within the developed project. Spiral or Meta Model: Spiral model is also known as Meta model as it contains all the features of the other models (Leach, 2014). This model is also developed as per the changes required by the clients of the project. Evolutionary Model: This model has a core base and has some additional sections in the outside. Along with the changing time evolution within the project is made. In real life experiments the most efficient project methodology is utilization of spiral model. Information and communication tools plan development methodology Stakeholder Name of the stakeholders Time management interval with Communication plan Internal stakeholder Project manager Superintendents Engineers Equipments operators Craftsmen Laboures Accountants Communicate daily with the employees Weekly basis Weekly basis Weekly Twice in a month Daily Daily External stakeholder Project owners Consultants Financial consultants Suppliers Communicate daily with the employees Everyday Everyday Once in a month Conclusion From the overall discussion it can be concluded that, the project information and communication system is one of the most vital tools that is used by different organizations in order to develop their project in the practical field. It has mentioned different types of information and communication tools that are already used to develop the health care building process for aged. In addition to this, already utilized different methodologies are also illustrated in this literature review. Crucial processes regarding information methodologies and the software and communication system that are used in this project plan are also mentioned I this literature review. Overall it has been found that, the methodologies used to build the project are some where beneficial but in from some other perspectives it is not profitable to the project planner. References Baskerville, R. L., Wood-Harper, A. T. (2016). A critical perspective on action research as a method for information systems research. InEnacting Research Methods in Information Systems: Volume 2(pp. 169-190). Springer International Publishing. Cassidy, A. (2016).A practical guide to information systems strategic planning. CRC press. Chienwittayakun, J., Mankin, D. (2015). 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